Urology is a surgical subspecialty that manages diseases of the urinary tract. Management can be either surgical or medical, or both. The urinary tract consists of the kidneys, adjacent adrenal glands, ureters, bladder, male prostate, urethra, and male testicles. Disease entities include infections, inflammation, cancer, and acquired or congenital defects that affect these organs. In particular, this includes urinary and prostate infections, kidney stone disease, erectile dysfunction, cancers of the prostate, bladder, kidney, and testes, infertility, benign prostate hypertrophy, and incontinence. The urologist specializes in carefully diagnosing and treating all diseases of the urinary tract.